Types of Networks

Main Types of Networks:
  • LAN - Local Area Network *
- connects network devices over a relatively short distance
- A networked office building, school, or home usually contains a single LAN, though sometimes one building will contain a few small LANs (perhaps one per room), and occasionally a LAN will span a group of nearby buildings. In TCP/IP networking, a LAN is often but not always implemented as a single IP subnet.
- typically owned, controlled, and managed by a single person or organizationComputerNetwork.jpg
- tend to use certain connectivity technologies, primarily Ethernet and Token Ring.

    • WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network
- a LAN based on WiFi (wireless network technology)

  • WAN - Wide Area Network *
- spans a large physical distance. The Internet is the largest WAN, spanning the Earth.
- a geographically-dispersed collection of LANs. A network device called a router connects LANs to a WAN. In IP networking, the router maintains both a LAN address and a WAN address
- A WAN differs from a LAN in several important ways:
- Most WANs (like the Internet) are not owned by any one organization but rather exist under collective or distributed ownership and management
- WANs tend to use technology like ATM, Frame Relay and X.25 for connectivity over the longer distances

  • MAN - Metropolitan Area Network *
- a network spanning a physical area larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN, such as a city
- typically owned an operated by a single entity such as a government body or large corporation
- connect multiple geographically nearby LANs to one another (over an area of up to a few dozen kilometres) at high speeds
- lets two remote nodes communicate as if they were part of the same local area network
- made from switches or routers connected to one another with high-speed links (usually fibre optic cables)


Other Networks:
  • SAN - Storage Area Network, System Area Network, Server Area Network, or sometimes Small Area Network
Storage Area Network
- connects servers to data storage devices through a technology like Fibre Channel
System Area Network
- links high-performance computers with high-speed connections in a cluster configuration. Also known as Cluster Area Network

  • CAN - Campus Area Network, Controller Area Network, or sometimes Cluster Area Network
- a network spanning multiple LANs but smaller than a MAN, such as on a university or local business campus.

  • PAN - Personal Area Network
- introduced by Thomas Zimmerman

- the communication network established for the purpose of connecting computer devices of personal use
- established by connecting phone lines to personal digital devices or PDAs (personal digital assistants)

  • DAN - Desk Area Network
- an interconnection of computer devices around the ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)
- enables the network to share resources over the network
- provides the access to foreign devices
- enables to form A/V connection
- works on a simple process
- Ex: When you put a cassette into a VCR, it is automatically connected to the monitor.
(VCR and other related devices are often connected to the network in order to built DAN (Desk Area Network))

References:

http://compnetworking.about.com/od/basicnetworkingconcepts/a/network_types.htm
http://en.kioskea.net/contents/initiation/types.php3
http://www.freewimaxinfo.com/personal-area-network-pan.html
http://www.freewimaxinfo.com/desk-area-network-dan.html


- LaJae Coleman